The Classical Era And The Age Of Enlightenment - 1123 Words

Ludwig Van Beethoven was a musical masterpiece. He never let problems interfere with his work. He was born in the baroque period, lives a life of fifty-four years, and contributed so much romance in his life although never being married or having kids. Beethoven is well known for his work and will forever be known as a Romantic influencer. Beethoven dedicated his whole life to his music. He never let bad situations fully tear him apart from writing and playing music. The historical period that Ludwig grew up in was known as the baroque period. The people of this period began to rely on knowledge, saying that knowledge is power. They called this the age of enlightenment because instead of relying on superstitions and beliefs they relied on scientific knowledge to show the way. Before this era was the medieval era and with Beethoven’s appearance in the world it soon became the romantic era. Although before the romantic era was the classical era. In the classical era the music was known as clearer with cleaner and more distinct parts. His whole era was very much revolved around all kinds of arts, but especially the music (Longyear 649). Ludwig Van Beethoven was born on December 16, 1770 in Bonn, the electorate of cologne, a principality of the Holy Roman Empire. Although this may not be his actual birth day because they do not have documentation on it. They went off the fact that he was baptized the day after on December 17, 1770 and there wa s documentation on this date soShow MoreRelatedThe History of Music Styles1362 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction: A study of the history of music styles brings to the fore two distinct periods, Baroque and Classical. The purpose of this essay is to provide a comparison between the two musical eras through the exploration of two different composers and their works, namely Antonio Vivaldi and his Four Seasons ‘Spring’ in the maximized Baroque era and the minimalist approaches of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart’s Symphony. Moreover this essay will review the unique social, cultural, technological an musicalRead MoreThe Age Of Enlightenment : Classical, Romantic, And Modern1023 Words   |  5 Pageshuge changes in styles between each musical era. From 1750 until the present day, there have been three major musical eras: classical, romantic, and modern. All three of these eras have brought new and innovative ideas to the world, but they are all drastically different stylistically, philosophically, and musically. The classical period lasted from about 1750 to 1830, and this period was known as the â€Å"age of enlightenment.† The age of enlightenment emphasized thinking, reason, and individualismRead MoreEssay on Renaissance vs Neoclassicism1295 Words   |  6 PagesMichelangelo, has been compared with the Antonio Canova’s statue Psyche Revived by Cupid’s Kiss. Both of these works reflect the artistic advancement of their ages. David represents the renaissance art by reflecting the political situation of that time, whereas Psyche Revised by Cupid’s Kiss, depicts the artist’s focus on the Roman and other classical arts. Although alike as two of the greatest advancing periods in art the art and artists are focused on very different things. Renaissance is a culturalRead MoreThe Contributions Of The Romantic Era And Romanticism1107 Words   |  5 PagesThere was a time for reason, as well as a time for love. As we have seen from our past, today we have time for both. The Age of Reason, also known as the Enlightenment, took place during the 18th century, which was a time for philosophers to thrive. They sought out the truth behind our everyday lives, to figure out how they shaped our society. The Romantic Era or Romanticism took place during the late 18th century to the late 19th century focused on following people’s hearts more than their mindsRead MoreEssay on An Analysis of the Renaissance and Romanticism Art Periods1241 Words   |  5 Pagesearly 1300s, Europeans began to shed the dark and oppressing mindsets of the Middle Ages. This sparked a revolution that would begin in Italy and spread throughout Europe, and is known today as the Renaissance. The word Renaissance literally (and fittingly) means ‘r ebirth’ – making it a fitting title for a period where interest in learning, philosophy, and the classical arts were ‘reborn’. Where the Middle Ages took the meaning out of the arts – using paintings and sculptures for nothing more thanRead More Neoclassicism and the Enlightenment Essay1272 Words   |  6 PagesNeoclassicism and the Enlightenment The Enlightenment was a time of great innovation and evolution. One of the most significant movements which owes at least the majority of its beginnings to the Enlightenment is the architectural and artistic movement of Neoclassicism. This Neoclassicism of the mid eighteenth to mid nineteenth centuries is one that valued ancient Greek, Roman, and Etruscan artistic ideals. These ideals, including order, symmetry, and balance, were considered by manyRead MoreThe Music That Have Changed The Face Of Music1375 Words   |  6 PagesGrowing up, Beethoven was a household name. Countless studies have been released claiming classical music could increase babies’ intelligence. The importance of music is vast and affects every individual in a multitude of ways. Throughout the course of history, there have been artist that have changed the face of music as we know it. Two important composers to the course of music’s history are Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Liszt. While both composers certainly have similarities in their music, thereRead MoreThe Romantic And Classic Ages Of European Music1015 Words   |  5 Pagessame, musicians of considerable significance have been both consciously and subconsciously molded by the environment in which they reside and as such they may interpret and bring the world to life in the language of music. The Romantic and Classic ages of European music can be simply put as the period of ti me between the deaths of Ludwig Van Beethoven in 1827, and that of Gustav Mahler in 1911. Despite this convenient partition, history has never been one to divide itself so precisely. There wereRead MoreCharacteristics Of The Classical Era Of Music729 Words   |  3 Pagesthe bridge between the classical and romantic era of music. He is known for doing this because he took key aspects of the classical era and merged them with key aspects of the romantic era. The classical era of music dates from 1775-1825. The classical music era had a lighter and more clear texture (Kamien 161). The music from this era was mainly homophonic meaning that the music had one part or melody that dominated all other parts or melodies (Kamien 160). Classical era music also really focusedRead MoreTop Ten1569 Words   |  7 PagesTop Ten Assignment The Enlightenment and Romanic Ages produced numerous masterpieces in art, music, architecture, and literature which people still enjoy today. These opus magnums along with the philosophies during the two periods are reflections of the developments in world events and cultural patterns. This paper will present two pieces of art, music, architecture, literature, and philosophy from the Enlightenment and Romanic Ages that best represents the developments patterns from that time.

What Is Operations Management - 1534 Words

What is Operations Management? Operations Management is defined as how we deal with the design and management of products, processes, services and supply chains. It considers the acquisition, development, and utilization of resources that organizations need to deliver the goods and services their clients want. All of these steps are part of the strategic, tactical and operational levels. The strategic piece includes areas such as determining the size and location of manufacturing plants, deciding the structure of service or telecommunications networks, and designing technology supply chains. When we look at the tactical items we see plant layout and structure, project management methods, and equipment selection and replacement. Lastly†¦show more content†¦Along with what design systems they use so that they maintain quality services and goods in the demanding arena of big box stores. I start with designing the system, this begins with product development. Product development involves determining the characteristics and features of the good or service to be sold. In the case of Home Depot we will begin with an assessment of their customer needs. The facilities, rental equipment and products that will be supplied, as well as the information systems needed to monitor and control performance, as part of this system design process. For Home Depot this all starts in the main office located in Atlanta, were they have individual groups of cross-functional decision making teams that process the needs of their customers and intern communicate with marketing, financial, and operations to plan the needed steps to successfully launch a new product or store opening. The product design is actually not part of their company but rather comes from outside vendors looking to sell a product. It is up to this team to determine if there is a fit within Home Depot to sell this product and make a profit. It is critical to determine if the characteristics and features of the product, as well as how the product functions. These steps determine a product s cost and quality, as well as its features and performance. That now becomes important factors on which customers make purchasing decisions.

A Critical Evaluation of the Engagement and Psychosocial...

INTRODUCTION This assignment is a critical evaluation of the engagement and psychosocial assessment of a client living with psychosis in the community. It provides a critical and analytical account which encapsulates assessments, psycho education, problem solving, implementation and evaluation of strategies used. I will also use Gibbs (1988) model of reflection to reflect on my assessment process and how learning can be taken forward in terms of my own practice development and that of the service setting. My client l shall call Emily a pseudo name used to maintain confidentiality in accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) 2002 Code of Professional Conduct that outlines†¦show more content†¦I met with Emily to set the agenda and explained to her that she was free to terminate the session anytime should she feel it necessary. It was also vital to ensure that the sessions were neither confrontational and totally compliant with Emily’s view of the world ( Kingdom amp; Turkington, 1995) I encouraged Emily to describe her current problems and to give a detailed description of the problems and concentrate on a more recent problem. l was directive, active, friendly and used constructive feedback, containment of feelings to develop the relationship(Tarrier et al,1998).l used her interest in Christianity to engage her and because l showed an interest this became a regular point of conversation and strengthened the connection. I also demonstrated some flexibility in response to Emily’s needs and requirements at different stages of the treatment and intervention. It is not possible to maintain a sound collaborative therapeutic relationship without constant attention to the changing situation and requirements of a patient (Gamble and Brennan, 2006). Since the development of antipsychotic medication and dominance of biomedical models during the 1950`s mental health care has changed and evolved. The dependency on the sole use of medication was found to have left patients with residual symptoms and social disability, including difficulty with interpersonal skills and limitation with coping

The Neolithic Period, which includes events from 12,000...

The Neolithic Period, which includes events from 12,000 years ago, is one of the most important revolutions to occur in history. The Neolithic lifestyle was established first in the Middle East, and then later in the Yellow river basin in China, which then spread over the years into the Western Hemisphere. During this time period, the domestication of plants and animals and the development of cities was starting to become more prominent and well known to many different civilizations across many different countries. It consisted of many changes in human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of farming and settlement, which supported a larger population. As civilizations expanded, so did traditions and techniques. A major†¦show more content†¦Throughout the inundation period, which happens at some point around July, the water level ascends and fills the waterways made by Egyptian workers. At some point around the end of October, the stream might start to su bside which leaves behind the rich silt deposits. This permitted horticulture to thrive, and also directing when planting and reaping might happen. Since the delta zone generated surplus products on a consistent support, society here was very equitably stable, and there was plenty of time for leisure activities such as art or science. Not only was the Nile perfect for irrigation, but it also served as a method of transportation and enabled them to interact with other civilizations. This transportation became important to the Ancient Egyptians in the New Kingdom when the empire spread along the Nile. Egyptians used the Nile for transport to build pyramids; they had to use the Nile as their main transport system because they could not move the heavy bricks through the sand. Although people tend to think that being surrounded by sand would make living much more difficult, the Egyptians took advantage of it, rather than despise the desert. The desert is an area of land with minimal vege tation, no arable farmland, and an exceptionally poor atmosphere, typically hot and dry. Deserts often act as a barrier to outside civilizations, makingShow MoreRelatedGobekli Essay2989 Words   |  12 Pagesout of nowhere, as if sprung from the very ground itself. The ongoing argument concerning the rise of civilization is centered almost wholly around the domestication of plants and animals. The prevailing view of V. Gordon Childe’s principle â€Å"that social structure and organization were bent to the demands of technology.† (Childe 1954:23-4), is now directly challenged by what archaeologist Klaus Schmidt is determining from the excavation of Gobekli Tepe; â€Å"that far from causing sedentism, agriculture

Wicked And Messy Environmentals Problems Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(110) " and public attitudes are so dynamic it is sensible for direction schemes and patterns to be dynamic as well\." Human activities over the decennaries have doubtless affected the environment.The coming of industrialisation and technological advancement is one such activity that has been argued as the cause of great harm to the natural environment. Coupled to the increasing demand to supply for the turning populations around the universe, this has led to a myriad of environmental jobs some of which have been described as â€Å" mussy † or â€Å" wicked † . We will write a custom essay sample on Wicked And Messy Environmentals Problems Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Amidst the huge technological promotions, these wicked jobs still remain unraveled and elusive. They challenge our administration constructions, our accomplishments base and our organisational capacity. It is of import, as a first measure, that wicked jobs be recognized as such. Successfully undertaking wicked jobs requires a wide acknowledgment and apprehension, including from authoritiess and Curates, that there are no speedy holes and simple solutions They are the antonym of â€Å" tame † jobs which have straightforward distinct solutions. Rittel and Webber ( 1973 ) describe wicked environmental jobs as withstanding categorization and devoid of clear cut solutions. They have besides been associated with â€Å" extremist uncertainness † and â€Å" plurality of legitimate positions † ( Funtowicz and Ravetz, 1991 ) .What does this mean for natural resource direction? This suggests that natural resource direction has been plunged into an epoch of turbulency with decreasing effects of the traditional/conventional attack to job resolution. This brings to bear the challenges conservationists and policy shapers have to postulate with in the direction of wicked environmental jobs rather commonplace in modern times. This essay attempts to propose ways by which natural resource direction can be effectual in covering with these wicked jobs. It begins by discoursing four challenges that wicked jobs present: alteration, struggle, complexness and uncertainness. It does that by utilizing the Sierra Nevada Forest and the European cap- and trade plan for C dioxide emanations in the European Union as instance surveies. Finally, proposes that for effectual direction of environmental jobs through policy and pattern, a combination of the precautional, adaptative and participatory attacks must be considered to cut down the uncertainness and complexness associated with wicked environmental jobs. The first challenge associated with wicked jobs is complexness ; a trait Gunderson ( 1999 ) suggests is built-in in natural resource jobs. Complexity implies a trouble in set uping cause and consequence forms due to the presence of mutualities and multiple variables. Complexity is determined by the grade of uncertainness and societal dissension on a peculiar issue ( Patton, 2011 ; Stacy, 1996 ; Zimmerman, 2001 ) .For illustration, the status and tendency exhibited by wildlife populations are as a consequence of the interactions between factors such as anterior population, conditions, marauders, home ground, disease, off-site factors and opportunity events. If there is species decline in a population, which of these factors can be blamed for this result? The reply is non every bit simple as a work outing to a mathematical job since the job may be caused by one of the factors or many moving in concert. The proficient and societal facets of complexness have besides been identified. The former is linked to restrictions in quality of information and a lack in cognition systems which makes the diagnosing of a job really feverish and introduces high degrees of uncertainness. A quotation mark by Lawrence J. Peter alludes that † some jobs are so complex that you have to be extremely intelligent and good informed merely to be undecided about them † . The societal facet on the other manus, emanates from troubles in the coordination of information, activities and stakeholders across several subjects. The differences in positions, values, perceptual experience and beliefs of assorted stakeholders introduces struggle: another challenge in deciding wicked environmental jobs. Adding to complexness is the diverseness and scope of stakeholder values, a formula for conflict.Values have been observed to be a cardinal component in the actions of people ( Rescher, 1969 ) .There is frequently small consensus on what the job is, allow entirely a general solution ( Ritchey, 2005 ; Rittel and Webber, 1973 ) .Whether the issue is about air quality, H2O usage, constructing a dike or protecting forest species, the differing values of stakeholders is non in doubt.Parties normally involved in environmental policy preparation normally span the full length and comprehensiveness of administration, from the politician to the peasant husbandman. Given the trouble of integrating the divergent positions all the parties may lawfully set frontward, struggles have left most environmental problem-solving efforts stranded and engulfed in judicial proceeding. For illustration, a H2O resource contention in Colorado started over a proposed dike ( Bingham, 1986 ) .Some parties declined to take part in the treatment until the inquiry of whether or non a dike was needed was answered. Others thought, a dike was the lone manner to work out the H2O deficit job. However, inquiring the inquiry † how much H2O do we necessitate? † is indispensable to understanding the job which brings into crisp focus problem-framing ; a critical but quite debatable measure in environmental policy preparation. The procedure of problem- bordering involves inquiring inquiries that explore different facets of the job. It ‘s amazing how frequently people fail to inquire what or why a job is happening instead than presuming the solution is apparent ( Watzlawick et al, 1974 ) .This premise of cognizing the solution before researching the job farther has chiefly been associated with experts who may see new jobs every bit precisely as old 1s ( Kaplan and Kaplan, 1982 ) .The presence of conflicting values, hazard and uncertainness does non intend a definite determination can non be taken.It merely stresses the director ‘s demand to believe beyond the traditional attack to job framing and job resolution. neglecting to see that most wicked jobs alone and associated with alteration, another challenge of wicked jobs. As discussed earlier, the assorted mutualities and multiple variables in wicked environmental job makes alteration inevitable phenomenon. Horst Rittel in his paper â€Å" Dilemmas in General Theory of Planning † explains that when covering with wicked jobs one must acknowledge that every wicked job is a symptom of another problem.Considering the fact that ecosystems, societal, econonmic, cognition, engineerings and public attitudes are so dynamic it is sensible for direction schemes and patterns to be dynamic as well. You read "Wicked And Messy Environmentals Problems Environmental Sciences Essay" in category "Essay examples"Policies must be continually be adapted to alter every bit good as constructed for local application.Wildavsky et Al, ( 1995 ) suggest that the lone manner to guarantee consistent advancement in dynamic and unsure state of affairss is to take incremental stairss that are bold plenty to go forth room for possible mistakes that enhance acquisition. Uncertainty is another challenge associated with wicked jobs due to the changeless alteration and reappraisal of scientific discipline and development. Therefore, it is rather rare for scientists to hold nem con on something as complex on an environmental or ecosystem level.In a complex unfastened system like the environment, cognition has bounds and certainty is far-fetched. What is the narrative today with the attack to work outing wicked environmental jobs? Is it working? It can be argued that uncertainness truly has played a function in the many statements that have characterized environmental direction treatments and a subscriber to the overplus of entreaties and judicial proceeding. The responses form authorities bureaus have been to bring forth more complex policy paperss warranting their actions and recommending for more research to do up for the cognition spreads that exists with the premise that differences are centrally about scientific discipline. On the contrary, grounds shows that difference in stakeholder places have more to make with conflicting values than with scientific uncertainness. This side of the statement is barely explored ensuing in the formulating of more paperss which have small to make with the underlying jobs. Owing to the fact that environmental direction makes determinations that affect both hereafter and present coevalss. There is a demand for better regulations and moralss to steer environmental directors. Bearing in head the challenges of changing ecological and societal conditions across big and spacial graduated tables, multiple stakeholder groups with really divergent values, high degrees of perceived hazard and scientific uncertainness, many research workers and environmental directors have espoused several theories and patterns which they deem are most appropriate for covering with wicked jobs. In the following subdivisions of this essay, three attacks ; adaptative direction, participatory procedures and the precautional rule will be introduced as the most appropriate for covering with modern-day environmental jobs. Adaptive direction has been argued as a direction scheme that will cover with scientific uncertainness and existent universe illustrations of its pertinence is apparent as reviewed in Stewart et al. ( 2004 ) . It has been associated with changing grades of success across a gamut of instances, each with results that enhance larning. The adaptative attack has been described as a acquisition attack that continually improves policy and pattern in the face of uncertainness and a tool to border philosophical, methodological and practical challenges that come with natural resource direction ( Holling 1978 ; Walters 1986 ; Lee 1993 ; Gunderson et Al. 1995 ) . † Learning by making † is the basic construct of adaptative direction. This attack has been recognized by international interdisciplinary attempts such as the sustainability scientific discipline plan ( Clark and Dixon, 2003 ) , the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment ( 2005 ) and the Equator Initiative of the United Nations Dev elopment Programme ( UNDP, 2005 ) as holding the possible to cover with the complexness of socio – ecological procedures and enhance acquisition. A instance survey of the on-going success of the adaptative direction attack is shown by Canada ‘s Model Forest. To cut down the uncertainness, complexness while advancing the development of advanced thoughts and sustainability the Federal authorities initiated Canada ‘s theoretical account Forest Program in 1992.The Program consists of 11 theoretical account woods across Canada selected to reflect the diverseness of ecosystems and societal systems present in Canada ‘s Forest environment. Each theoretical account Forest is designed to work as a life research lab where novel integrated forest direction techniques are researched, developed, applied and monitored in a transparent forum that engages and spouses with stakeholders from environmental administrations, industry, native groups, educational and research establishments, community – based associations, recreationists and landholders every bit good as all degrees of authorities. The success from this adaptative attack have been many and includes the development of voluntary wetland preservation plans for private lands ; establishemenrt of protocols for describing on socio economic indexs based on Statistics Canada nose count informations ; developing an ecosystem -integrated resource direction program for the Province of Saskatchewan, production of a codification of forestry pattern to assist landholders understand and use the rules of sustainable forest direction ; constitution of the Grand River Reserve to protect three eco-regions and home ground for the endangered Newfoundland pine marten. Research workers have identified two signifiers ; the passive and active types of adaptative direction ( Wilhere, 2000 ) . The passive is strongly science centred and formulates policy based on theoretical accounts and revises the theoretical accounts as monitoring informations becomes available. The active signifier nevertheless conducts direction action as deliberate experiments. Though the passive is rather simple and cheap the active signifier consequences in better apprehension of the responses of natural systems to direction and can assist develop better policy. However, no individual attack has the complete armory for contending wicked jobs and though adaptative direction has had many successes it has its restrictions. Short term undertaking frames, stiff marks and a focal point of success prompt directors to go on with conventional and controlled direction attacks, even when encouraged by authorities rhetoric to use adaptative attacks ( Allen and Curtis, 2005 ) This restriction is due to the fact that wicked jobs do non merely have scientific uncertainness but besides is engulfed in a overplus of stakeholder struggles. Therefore adaptative direction demands to integrate a societal side as good including institutional barriers. For illustration, institutional stableness, organisational civilization hinged on acquisition and equal political and administrative committedness of resources ( Lee,1993 ) .To be effectual, adaptative direction will necessitate to include cognition from multiple beginnings, system theoretical accounts and support cooperation among stakeholders ( McLain and Lee, 1996 ) .This demand has led to adaptive co-management an attack that combines adaptative and collaborative direction in which rights and duties are jointly shared to better battle the challenges that wicked jobs may convey. Thus, coaction brings into crisp focal point the demand for carefully designed public engagement. Public engagement has become an entrenched construct in the preparation, execution and direction of environmental issues owing to its suitableness for turn toing the involvements of multiple stakeholders and cut downing struggle. It is rather common to see National and subnational authoritiess require the input of the populace in managing and development of environmental policy. An illustration being the US National Environmental policy Act and the US Federal Advisory Committee Act. Thus engagement in decision-making is progressively regarded as a democratic right ( Reed, 2008 ) .Increasing calls for public engagement remainders on many factors including turning misgiving of public establishments and functionaries, inareaing legislative demands for public engagement, the complexness and uncertainness of modern-day jobs, different hazard perceptual experiences and a turning acknowledgment that determinations are non wholly scientific but societal values and political relations are bui lt-in in all administrative determinations. Politicss has non been extricated from how the environment is managed, degree of public engagement and at what point in the policy doing procedure it is incorporated. Participatory procedures besides have a challenge of placing groups of stakeholders and conveying these involvements together in an environment conducive for larning ( Gray,1989 ) .It has besides been associated with intensive resource committednesss ( money, clip and human capital ) , drawn-out determination devising, reduced determination quality, increased struggle and diminished likeliness of a successful result ( Sample, 1993 ; Steelman 2001 ) . The Precautionary attack is one possible response to wicked jobs in the face of uncertainness and hazard. Some bookmans assert that it is a powerful tool for protecting human wellness and the environment under unsure conditions ( Cameron and Boucher, 1991 ) whiles other believe it is ill- defined, unscientific and of small value to policymaking ( Manson 2002 ) . Still many states have some signifier of precautional rule in topographic point when confronted with unsure wellness hazards though they may non explicitly refer to it ( Zander, 2010 ) .While the chief importance of this rule is embedded in proverbs like † better safe than sorry † it cardinal thought is that engineerings or patterns that have the possible to jeopardize the environment should be banned or strongly regulated until proved safe. Under the precautional rule, the absence or deficiency of grounds refering the harmful nature of a substance or pattern can non function as a justification for detaining action to modulate them ( Raffensperger and Tickner, 1999 ) . For illustration, the issue of planetary warming normally includes statements that either favour business- as -usual or the precautional rule. Oppositions against the rule base their statements on scientific uncertainness sing how worlds have contributed to climate alteration and the badness of effects that may happen. They by and large advocate for farther research to cut down the uncertainnesss before dearly-won emission-reduction policies are implemented. Advocates of the precautional attack on the other manus argue that the likely inauspicious effects of the accretion of nursery gases in the ambiance are serious plenty to warrant potentially dearly-won ordinance despite staying uncertainnesss. Its part to long term, multigenerational effects of policy determinations has been emphasized nevertheless it can non individual -handedly provide a practical usher to covering with wicked jobs. How to cite Wicked And Messy Environmentals Problems Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Ethical Business Decision Making Long Term Performances

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Business Decision Making for Long Term Performances. Answer: Incentives based on long term performance: Sabbatical these incentives are offered to keep employees trustworthy and loyal. Stock options the employees can purchase companys shares at a reduced price after fulfilling the required conditions. Vacation increases increase a week per year after completing 5 years of employment as an incentive. Cash awards it is given after completing certain performance goals, after completing 3 5 years employment. Stock and stock appreciation rights (SARs) it is similar to stock options, in SARs company pays cash to its employees for purchasing companys shares after fulfilling the required conditions. Incentives based on short term performance: Employee gift it is the simplest form of short term employee incentives. It includes gift cards, prepaid cards for online shopping, restaurant vouchers and entertainment vouchers. Employee bonus bonus is a financial gain given to the employee after completing a given period or project. It can be paid as a percentage of sales generated or given for each completed assignment/project. Paid time-off it is generally given to temporary or part time employees in order to motivate them to work for allotted working hours and earn more paid time off. Team awards for employees it is given when the performance of a team directly contributes to the success of a company. It helps in developing better coordination among team members. Incentives based on team (group) performance: Profit sharing company will pay a percentage of its actual profits to employees. It helps in achieving better team performances and creating a sense of ownership between employees. Performance is directly proportionate with the percentage of profits they get. Better the performance more will be the profit for the company. Gain sharing it is similar to a profit sharing incentive. It is given against the computable non financial attainments. For example, customer satisfaction level increases as compared to the last year and for this company will give bonuses to its employees. Goal based incentives it is given after completing specific goals. It provides a target to the employees, which have to be fulfilled in order to get incentives. It focuses on collective work and team efforts. Merit based incentives it is a more of subjective approach of incentive. In these employees are rewarded for their efforts despite of any particular outcome. For example, incentives given to the employees stay late night to finish their work. Incentives which are similar in each reward structure: Cash award it can be given for long term as well short term performance of an individual or a team. Bonuses bonus can be given for short term as well as long term performances. Following are the two key benefits and two key potential control costs associated with each reward structure: Structure Key Control Benefits Potential Control Costs Long term performance It can be customized as per the needs of company, employee and shareholders. Cost of LTIP is more than benefit received from employee. Helps in holding executive talent with the company. Complex in nature as compared to short term incentive plan. Short term performance Helps in holding managerial talent with the company. Cost of supervision of each employee is high. Helps in increasing operational performance. Establishing performance standards is costly and time consuming. Group performance Helps in increasing effectiveness and efficiency of the team. Cost of analysis of individuals contributions. Better coordination among team. Increase in overall cost of team. 4: In the given scenario Sam has made the following logical and decision errors in her recommendation to the board: Sam has not made the full disclosure about the facts related with overseas factory, employees of which lives in poverty and are paid by a charity institution. Sam has not provided any quantitative analysis for proposed proposals and not shown working for average cost of production. Her recommendation is not clear but creating more confusion in decision making. She has not considered all the factors in her recommendation to the board. In the given case Sam has to apply ethical principles while giving her recommendation to the board. Ethical principles provide standards of behavior to the human beings. In order to make ethical decision one has to eliminate unethical options and select from alternatives as per the ethical principles. Following are the ethical principles which may affect the Sams decision: The fairness and justice approach as per this approach all equals should be treated equally. All human beings are treated equally in ethical actions and if treated unequally then that actions must be taken on the basis of some defensible standard. The common good approach the Greek philosophers have given a notion that life in community is a good in itself and our actions should contribute to that life. In this approach attention is given to the common conditions which are essential for the welfare of everyone. It includes public educational system, health care, recreational areas, effective law, police and fire departments. Creating the good for society every company must work in a manner which is good for the society in which they conduct their business operations. Business policies, standards and procedures are developed by taking into account social and economic factors applicable to the company. Right stuff Right stands for justified claim on others. Ethical standards suggest moral rights for human beings. Since these rights are not governed under the law, therefore their interpretations are taken differently by different persons. As per the above mentioned principles Sam should recommend for the outsourcing to the overseas factory as it is in favor of ethical principles. This decision will help in improving rural areas in the overseas country by providing employment to people as it is mentioned in the question that people living in that area lives in poverty. This decision is also in the favor of the company as the average cost of production is less in long run if the company decides to outsource its production to the overseas factory. Reference: SCU, 2015, Ethical decision making, viewed on 10th July, 2016 _ https://www.scu.edu/ethics/ethics-resources/ethical-decision-making/ Webb C., 2015, Long term incentive plans, viewed on 10th July, 2016 _ https://smallbusiness.chron.com/examples-longterm-incentive-plans-11244.html Taylor T., 2011, Short term incentive plans, viewed on 10th July, 2016 _ https://www.brighthub.com/office/human-resources/articles/101867.aspx McQuerrey L., 2015, Team based incentive plans, viewed on 10th July, 2016 _ https://smallbusiness.chron.com/types-team-based-incentive-plans-59545.html

Operations and Production Management Systems

Question: Discuss about the Operations and Production Management Systems. Answer: Introduction Operations entail all the activities needed to form and deliver an organizations goods or services to its customers. In our case operational management has been used to determine how well Hawkesbury Company satisfies the needs of the customers. The mission of the operations function will be expressed in terms of productivity, profit and competitiveness between products. Logistics in production enhances the careful use of resources thus management failed to include logistics in the company operations; this resulted to the wastage and mismanagement of resources. The production system comprises both the technology used, division of labor and information flow. The fact that the customer is price sensitive and strict on delivery time increases the pressure to the manufacturing firm. However despite the nature of increased efficiency in the manufacture of a kitchen cabinet, the products sales have outgrown that of the standard kitchen and volume capacity in the firm as well. The improvemen t of the system to produce a unique model has led to increasing in productivity and increase in sales volume. The direct responsibilities of Mei as the manager are portrayed where he critically examines the tradition of manufacturing and identify the need for customers opinion to meet his/her needs. Modernized production systems The aspect of changing nature of the operations in Hawkesbury Cabinet Pty ltd has been discussed in the case study where the traditional manufacturing processes are put aside to give way for modernized methods characterized with highly specialized machinery which increase the operations efficiency. The manufacture of standardized kitchens has more costs incurred which leads to a decline in profitability of the company hence Mei have decided to focus on unique designs according to client specifications. Mellvin (1994) states that new design produces greater revenue and has the largest production capacity compared with standard k due to the introduction of new skills in designing. The customers accept the unique model and methodology of manufacturing adopted by the company. There are inevitable circumstances of which leads to increase in pressure due to the nature of the client known as specs builders. Division of power The company designs and manufacturers kitchen cabinets and belong to Fung and Mei , the two owners distributed managerial responsibilities and some of the duties they had to fulfill include; managing of the operation process, improvement of the system, embracing design, planning, control and operations in strategy, formal identification of roles. Earlier before the recent production changes the company had focused entirely on custom made kitchens where clients were given the opportunity to consult with Mei for a unique design specifically for the individuals. Production processes The company uses high quality general purpose machines to provide the kind of flexible products that the clients desire of a wide variety of custom designed cabinets. The process of painting is done on the fully assembled cabinets in an assembly area that is well controlled in the rear of the facility. The final process of finishing is done in the same area as the painting and as a reason growth has become large and a continuous process. Winslow (2002) said the existence of varying tastes and preferences of the potential buyers keep the producers on suspense. Fung and Mei became more and more popular with their client base becoming more and more diverse because of the good reputation out of their quality goods and high performance levels. Fung holds the position of a master cabinet maker whereas Mei competencies are that of an interior designer. Through over time, Fung duties had evolved due to the increasing capacity of the company and the rising needs, this led to a new role assign ed to him in the position of production and operations manager. Mei has always had an interest in the overall managerial of the company which comprised of the financial activities. Inadequacy in resources such as machinery equipment The use of same equipment for both the custom made cabinets and the same crafts people led to competing on the same processing time with the limited machinery to work with. This resulted in the waiting period to increase for completion of one task and overall contributes to partially completed jobs. The effect of the new builders on the Hawkesbury operations is that pressure in processing due to a reduction in time spent in manufacturing. This is enhanced to meet client deadline since the builders kitchen were becoming increasingly important and popular in the market. Revenue and profit made by the company The builders kitchen contributed 60% of the companys volume and 75% of the revenue generated by the company in total. The rest 40% volume in production capacity was for the standardized kitchens and the revenue generated was 25%. The financial effect of the builders kitchen would be an increase in profit made in producing the builders line of kitchens. Strict requirements and high standards of performance The total output of Hawkesbury Cabinet Pty Ltd and manufactures- custom built kitchen is not sufficient for supply to all the builders thus the company sales has to increase, however the company had been signing low volume contracts to specs builders although they maintained a good standard. This results in a reduction in the limited range of batches being made into smaller batches. These specifications of batches lied between single kitchen up to five kitchens of the given qualities or specifications made. Another challenge encountered was that of Stringent delivery requirements by the client builders who were also price sensitive than custom- made price buyers. Multitasking Friedrick (2003) Multitasking of the two activities of manufacturing the kitchen cabinets and the custom designed cabinets which were being carried out at the same time in a manufacturing facility.The single facility cannot accommodate a higher production level due to inadequate resources unless it is enlarged. Re-scheduling Regular scheduling has been witnessed due to sales of the builders lines increasing. Prioritizing over the cabinet kitchen led to abandoning of the standard cabinets to leap a higher benefit from the higher sales and profit margins. Edward (2001) argues that Wastage in the company has been an issue where the components of the standard kitchen are scattered all over in the manufacturing firm as more attention is paid to various production departments Partial work was done The company does not utilize the resources efficiently and minimizing the cost of production is neglected in this case. Costs associated with the company standard builders increased steadily as a result of the non-utilizing the resources. Champy (1999) states that excess money could have been used in production processes in the firm tied up in the material inventory, finished goods and work in progress. Stock holding costs and other stock-age costs became rampant due to the excess inventory that the company had incurred and thus hired a new warehouse in the nearby. Standard and custom orders faced the challenge of pro longed lead time for a number of days. This led to the delay of the promised deliveries and longer time was spent to deliver the orders. Mei the general manager was disturbed by the prolonged delay of the orders because he had a role to play in the responsible management of the company. He faced challenges dealing with the clients who had made new orders to the company . The issue of increased volume work in the process led to a tremendous change in the previously well-organized manufacturing area to into a factory which was clogged up with work partially completed. Burnetas (2001) said that the manufacturing capacity of the firm was put to the limit due to the current operations systems of lagged production and hence no space left for further expansion of the business. Conclusion The two partners have to obtain knowledge of the global trends in the field of supply chain management in order to meet customer ever changing demands. The company has to encompass logistics in its operations to reduce wastage. The logistics will ensure that standard cabinet components which are left lying partially uncompleted work are well accounted for and carefully used. The customer expectations have skyrocketed; new experts in the field of design with more creativity to provide the client with the expected standards are to be hired. The operations management is an integral position of the above company hence there are areas where operations functions and the skills of an effective operational manger are strongly tied to the organizations lasting success. To counter the issue of increased volume of work the company has to hire new personnel and buy machinery and apply technology that will assist in reducing the partial work into completed work. They must configure a product syst em which will be most efficient and affective for the overall improvement in designs and processes. References Edwards, J., 1983. mrp and kanban-american style, APICS 26th Conference Proceedings New York Plenum Press. Vallin, F. 1961. Total quality control mcgraw-hill. Britain European press. Schnonberger, R., 1982.Japanese Manufacturing Techniques: Nine Hidden Lessons in Simplicity, New York. Grubbstrm, R., 1995. Modeling production opportunities - a historical overview, production economy, Germany. munich press. Champy, J., 1993. Reengineering the Corporation: A Manifesto for Business Revolution, Harper Business. Burnetas, A., (1993). On Sequencing Two Types of Tasks on a Single Processor under Incomplete Information", Probability in the Engineering and Informational Science. Morich, L., 2013. atmae membership venn diagram archived. Wayback Machine. Friedrick, K.,1959. A history of Western Technology, Charles Scribner's Sons in Dallas American press. Behnam, K., 20132. Operations and Production Systems with Multiple Objectives. John Wiley Sons. Kantorovich, V., 1939 Mathematical Methods of Organizing and Planning Production, Management Science Russia Soviet Press. Wortmann, C., 1983 A classification scheme for master production schedule", in Efficiency of Manufacturing Systems, New York, Plenum Press. Winslow. F., 1911. The Principles of Scientific Management. New York, NY, US and London, UK: Harper Brothers Gutenberg press. Montgomery, D., 2012. Statistical Quality Control: A Modern Introduction.Sydney Australian Press.

Muse to my ears by Muse free essay sample

The highly popular band Muse, originally from Devon, have cause quite a stir in the music industry since 1994, releasing seven hit albums in their many years or rock stardom. Their music is popular, mainly with teens and young people, because it is original. Yes, original. None of the whiney, always-played-on-the-radio pop rubbish. Real, relatable music. The rocky edge to their music makes it enjoyable to listen and relate to. Matthew Bellamy (lead vocals, guitar, and piano) is a very talented musician with an eye for detail when music is concerned, right alongside Christopher Wolstenholme (bass and backing vocals) and Dominic Howard (drums and percussion),who are also talented musicians. They’ve toured all over the world, won Grammy’s and other music awards and wiped out every other well- known band from the music kingdom. Black Holes and Revelations earned the band a Mercury Prize nomination and a third place finish in the NME Albums of the Year list for 2006. We will write a custom essay sample on Muse to my ears by Muse or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Muse have won many other music awards throughout their career, including five MTV Europe Music Awards, five Q Awards, eight NME Awards, two BRIT awards and four Kerrang! Awards. Muse gained their Alternative Rock stardom after having their song, Supermassive Black Hole, used in the twilight soundtrack released November 2008, causing an almighty stir among twilight fans. That certainly sounds like Muse to my ears, how about you?

Understanding Lenora Chus Argument Essays - Rhetoric, Literature

Understanding Lenora Chus' Argument As a senior and college students, i've been prepared to be successful in my life for a long-term period. Even though i have studied in a school that is very modern, there are some school in other location such as china that are not modernized and could affect student's long-term life. Just the same as what Lenora state's in her editorial. Lenora appellate "Will the Next Steve Jobs Be From China?" written by Lenora Chu. Lenora is an American Writer and Journalist. She has worked as a television correspondent for Thomson Reuters and consultant to 'ities and the private sector. Her articles has appeared in CNNMONEY, The New York Times, Science, Christian Science Monitor and on National Public Radio and many more. She has come across a location in China in which still uses the Chinese Traditional Education System. The use of this system leaves student behind and not able to explore and be creative on their own. Instead, they are forced to take tests or exams every week or two i n order to check their position based on their academic system. Lenora mainly targets specifically the minister of Education's National Research Center. The secret behind taking time and writing her editorial is due to an event that occurred the day before. Students in Peking University study hall were taking an exam, which is located in Beijing, China. People have been 50% bias and 50% non-bias on her articles, writing, and editorials. Lenora claims the chinese education system is changing towards a creative education system, even though it's going very slow but it's progressing. Throughout her editorial, she is very persuasive due to the reasoning she provides the reader with. The use of quotations builds credibility in her editorial. She states the chinese leadership intents on improving the system. "There is nothing that should remain unchanged when it comes to reform of our educational institution." Wang Feng, a director in the Ministry of Education's National Research Center. Plus, this is an individual in which case has a background in the field, so this helps with logos and ethos. She incorporates specifics of what they are facing and how they are trying to solve the issue. Statistics are being used to show facts, so that once again the reader could start trusting her editorial, such as: "defined as the memorization of 3,500 distinct character" " American students students generally spend 90 minutes fewer in school each day..." Another one that quotes "of the nine million students who take the national college entrance exam, about two to three million will fail to advance into college." Lenora uses so many other statistics that leaves the reader with a good sense of mind and trust worthiness. She does not only make the audience intelligible of her side of argument but she jots down the other side of her argument and rebuts it very respectfully. That builds a good connection between the reader and the writer. Also, the first paragraph uses pathos to remind the reader of problems in their own schooling. The mixture of Logos and pathos are used to convince the reader, or persuade the reader in a sense. The editorial format is MLA, it does not contain any slang words that would dissuade the reader. Lenora is a professional writer and so words in favor of professionalism are engaged in her editorial. Although some people might disagree with my argument and say we should not be intruding into some other country's education system. This might be a bit difficult for some people to understand but what we should be aware of is that the more the education systems are similar, the more we would be able to come to an agreement due to the similarities of the education system and so same thinking. There are even websites and blogs promoting this cause. This editorial persuades the reader with the use of logos, pathos and ethos. Lenora uses several quotation throughout her editorial in various locations. She also uses statistics to provide a credible sense to the reader. The main ideology introduces a new, latest and workable education system for everyone. The newer education system will skyrocket the students into

Dilemma Essays - Reserve Officers Training Corps,

Dilemma UOP Personal Dilemma/Values Paper Michael L Harmon Gen 480 January 11, 2001 A dilemma that I experienced has to do with the military. In 1992 I had a values conflict that had to do with my job situation. At that time, we had just elected a new president. This man, who had publicly acknowledged the fact that he did not go to Vietnam, but in fact, received his draft notice in 1969. Clinton requested Senator Fulbright and others to help him get into the ROTC unit at the University of Arkansas. That ROTC unit was already filled to capacity and there was a waiting line. With the assistance of Sen. Fulbright's office, a series of lies to Col. Holmes at the University of Arkansas ROTC unit, he was able to get his draft notice suspended pending enrollment into ROTC, which of course he never did. During this process, he violated several laws. In Section 50 of the U.S. Constitution, it states that no man shall be accepted for ROTC enlistment after he has received an order to report for induction unless authorized by the Secretary of Defense. The next law he broke was Section 801 which states that a person that had registered for draft, was delinquent, and was mailed notice to report before certain date or he would be in military service of United States, he was subject to trial by court-martial after that date, and it was not necessary to show his receipt of notice. The third law he broke was the fact that Clinton was not enrolled as a student at the school where he enrolled into ROTC, so he was in violation of Section 32 which states that students desiring enrollment in a unit must be enrolled in and attending full time a regular course of instruction at a school participating in the program. Clintons' ROTC enlistment was accomplished illegally withholding the fact he had already been drafted and by unlawfully withholding the fact that he had two years ROTC experience at Georgetown University. By rejoining ROTC, he had automatically committed himself to a mandatory two years of active duty in the army. He had refused to sign up for the third year of ROTC earlier for this very reason. Section 10 states that any member who is selected for third and fourth year of the program is may be ordered to active duty by the Secretary of the military department concerned to serve in his enlisted grade or rating for such period of time as the Secretary prescribes but not for more than two years. Clinton didn't follow this part of the law. He should have been persecuted when he submitted his informal resignation in a letter dated December 1969. This violates another section of the law. Section 50 states that once a student has signed up, he must complete that course unless relieved of h is duties by the Secretary of the Army. He also broke some additional laws. These include fraudulent enlistment, failure to report for induction, failure to inform the armed forces of his departure of the country, and the rest pertain to her stint while in England. While in England, he violated quite a few serious laws which include aiding the enemy, mutiny, rebellion, treason, and this same Bill Clinton who broke all those laws to stay out of military service was known for leading anti-war demonstrations -- until after he received a draft number that kept him out of the draft. Even though the fighting in Vietnam continued, Billy stopped being a war protester. When he has been asked why, he has not responded. . I experienced a dilemma due to these facts. I was not sure if I that I would be able to serve under a commander and chief who had dodged the draft and violated all these laws. This conflict caused me a major dilemma. First of all, I enjoyed my time in service and I had planned to make a career out of it. After he got elected, I had to re-evaluate my situation: Should I stay and serve a commander who would was everything from a draft dodge to a person who would have been executed for performing treason to his own country. This

As I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind (village), I felt as if someone was following my every footstep Essays

As I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind (village), I felt as if someone was following my every footstep Essays As I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind (village), I felt as if someone was following my every footstep Essay As I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind (village), I felt as if someone was following my every footstep Essay As I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind (village), I felt as if someone was following my every footstep. With each of my trembling paces the terrifying sounds behind me intensified rapidly, increasing my tension to the limit. By now my heart was beating faster than a train at full speed, which forced me to run as fast as possible and turn into the next alley way. Frightened as the raged man stopped about a metre away and looked around, terrified that he would find me I held my breath and closed my eyes. As I gradually opened my eyes I watched the person sprint off into the mist. After being sure I was safe, I let out a sigh of relief and started to walk out of the alley but before I could take one step out, a shadowy figure grabbed me from behind, with one of his hands covering my mouth, and his wild hair over my face, he dived his other hand into each of my pockets and stole all of my belongings, after which he through me into the wall whilst ripping my chain from my neck , after he ran off I became unconscious because of hitting my head on the wall. Once I regained consciousness I slowly got together the courage to rise to my feet thinking of what to do next and where to go after a while I realised that I could go home and crush my hopes or I could follow my dreams where ever they lead me. Subsequent to that incident all my confidence of continuing had been demolished so I decided to return home, while I was walking home I could not stop wishing that Babuji had not found out yet. With the feeling that Sharan-jeet would tell Babuji any minute now about all my previous plans and that I had run away, I ran as fast as I could not worrying about anything else but as I reached home I realised that Babuji had already found out as I saw him throwing all my belongings, clothes and pictures out of the house, while swearing at me uncontrollably with mother trying her best to stop him. Once I saw and heard how much Babuji hated me, I hastily became enraged whilst being emotionally fragile. I ran off towards the bus stop increasing my confidence all the way while being haunted by the images of Babuji throwing my belongings away, enforcing tears to flow down my face. While still being upset, I reached the bus stop and got on the bus to Mumbai while wiping the tears off my face. As usual the bus became packed at the next stop, hardly having any space to breathe I tried to keep my mind away from what Babuji did, even though being squashed at the back of the bus I still could not stop thinking about it. Soon a conductor arrived and got on at the front of the bus. He stated asking for tickets, very slowly pushing his way through the crowd, making me panic as I had no money. Unfortunately after many stops, he reached me and asked for my ticket, I looked around pretending I did not hear, but from that he knew I had no ticket. Like a strike of lightning he clutched my colla r, lifted me up and pushed through the crowd and took me to the door, whilst blowing a ferocious whistle to stop the bus. Just as the bus stopped he threw me out of the bus with all his strength. I was in extreme pain, I still had my courage and I decided to continue towards Mumbai by foot. After many gruelling hours I reached Mumbai, each day I went to different movie studios asking for a role in a movie but many times I was thrown out by security or told to get lost, youre too young and there are no roles for you. Due to this I never earned any money and I starved each and every day in the unforgiving heat, feeling death coming closer each day, while sitting in the same spot all day losing energy and seeing the amount of garbage and dirt mounting. Each night became hell when each Bollywood movie came to life as I watched people getting their brains shot out and the numerous gang wars, barely surviving each one. Virtually dead I was found by probably the last surviving kind-hearted person, who helped me return from the clutches death by caring for me like a son. As soon as I recovered I started to work with him as a chai-wala (someone that gives tea) for local movie studios. Months passed by doing the same things each day again and again, but fortunately one day on my way to a studio, lonely and depressed, slowly walking remembering mother, and being worried by her whilst being disturbed by the terrifying memories of Babuji, when a Natak (theatre) audition poster caught my eye, remembering my past dreams and hoping for the best I entered. As I stood waiting in the stretched queue waiting my turn, I developed new dreams of becoming the SRK (Shahrukh Khan) of theatre. Next as I was called in I started to become nervous but I still entered and performed. Although I gave a magnificent performance I still only got the role of an extra, even though I was happy to be selected the role was a bit too small. Years passed and I slowly made my way up the ladder from an extra to the lead role. After 2 years of hard work and dedication I finally became what I wanted the SRK of theatre. After many shows we decided to do a Mumbai tour of 8 shows. While on the Mumbai tour I was approached by the god of movie makers Yash Raj Chopra and offered a role in his latest movie, obviously I said yes while thinking of my family and how I was mocked when I said I wanted to be a movie star. Once I got signed for the movie and fulfilled my dreams, I decided to return home. Again I walked through the ghostly streets of my pind on my way home, whilst being followed by those disturbing memories, and being held back so I did not retuning, but this could not stop me as I am not that foolish anymore. As I continued childhood memories came back, with the rocky sand seeping into my shoes and the mist collecting with the laughter of children in the distance as I entered my house. The whole house looked exactly the same as when I left. Not even one thing had changed, while remembering all the good times I searched the whole house for mother, Sharan-jeet and Babuji, as I could not find then so asked around and found out that Sharan-jeet had got married 6 months ago, which broke my heart because I was not their for her special day and she would never forgive me for that, but tears started to flow when I found out that Babuji had passed away 3 months ago and mother 2 weeks later due to shock. After the bad news I was shattered and emotionally unstable, but I made t he decision to continue my life as before because I would be hurting their souls if I stayed like this, so I continued with my movie career with them always in my heart.

Introduction to Counselling Essay Essays

Introduction to Counselling Essay Essays Introduction to Counselling Essay Essay Introduction to Counselling Essay Essay Definition of a CounselorGuidance is about to give aid instead than advice. advice often means stating people what they should or ought to make. and this has no topographic point in reding. Counselors look at what is possible. but do non state clients what they should make. That would be the counselor taking control instead than the client deriving control. The primary difference between reding and other signifiers of assisting is the manner in which the counselor listens. A counselor should ever be factual within their notes. you should ever take notes after a session while fresh on your head. taking notes in a session can do clients to maybe experience disquieted or nervous on what you’reseting down and besides maintain you interested and proved to be listening. The difference between advice. counsel and guidance Advice: Chiefly a one-way exchange. giving an sentiment. doing a opinion. doing a recommendation =Persuasive. Guidance: Chiefly a one-way exchange. demoing the manner. educating. act uponing. teaching =Encouraging. Skills of a counselor Every individual who uses reding accomplishments is designated a counselor. We can separate two wide groups of people who use reding accomplishments. people who are called counselors who engage in reding as a distinguishable business and others who use reding accomplishments as portion of their other accomplishments. They would be temporarily in the function. for illustration we go to our physician for something medical or a head-shrinker for something spiritually incorrect these set up a assisting relationship. What they offer is non reding nevertheless they use reding accomplishments. they may besides be trained counselors so the dividing line is non clear cut. The difference is that the individual knows when guidance is taking topographic point and has agreed to it. Other accomplishments you pick up on when reding are: * Respecting personal infinite* maintaining legs uncrossed and sitting relaxed* Being unfastened with organic structure linguistic communication.* Bringing your organic structure in to speak is being interested and sitting back shows you’re interested and engaged. * Memory is the key.* Try non to speak with custodies or sit on them.* Clothing can be insouciant but formal depending on where you work * Puting a good first feeling is of import* Keep facial looks to a minimal show look but bound to how much. * Eye contact should be minimum maintain eyes traveling around the face * Think about distractions before your client arrives * Keep your client informed on what we’re traveling to make and non make. * Being agreeable and willing to be at that place. and most significantly assisting yourclient to acquire back on path. Valuess of reding and psychotherapeutics Valuess inform principals. They represent the of import manner of showing a general ethical committedness that becomes more exactly defined and action-orientated when expressed as a principal. At all times counselors must demo a committedness to:Respecting human rights and self-respectProtecting the safety of clientsSing the unity of practitioner/client relationshipsEnhancing the quality of professional cognition and its application Alleviating personal hurt and agonyFostering a sense of ego that is meaningful to the individual ( s ) concerned Increasing personal effectivityEnhancing the quality of relationships between peopleAppreciating the assortment of human experience between peopleEndeavoring for the just and equal proviso of guidance and psychotherapeutics services Ethical rules of reding and psychotherapeutics Principles direct attending to of import ethical duties. there are six ethical rules that are used which besides help on doing determinations when looking over them. they are as follows: * Being trusty – honoring the trust placed in the practician. he’s to constructing good apprehension and helps your client being able to open up if the trust is at that place. * Autonomy – regard for the clients to be autonomous. this is of import to let and assist our client to derive their ability to be self-directing. * Beneficence – a committedness to advancing the clients well-being. ever moving in the best involvements of the client based on professional appraisal. * Non-maleficence – a committedness to avoiding injury to the client. make non take advantage of the client at their most vulnerable portion in their life i. e. sexual. fiscal. emotional or any other signifier of client development. * Justice – the just and impartial intervention of all clients and the proviso of equal services. a committedness to fairness requires the ability to appreciate differences between people and to be committed to equality of chance. and avoiding favoritism against people or groups contrary to their legitimate personal or societal features. * Self-respect – furthering the practitioner’s self-knowledge and attention for ego. seeking guidance or therapy and other chances for personal development as required. The practitioner’s personal moral qualities are of the extreme importance to clients. Personal moral qualities The practitioner’s personal moral qualities are of the extreme importance to clients. Many of the personal qualities considered of import in the proviso of services have an ethical or moral constituent and hence considered as virtuousnesss or good personal qualities. It is inappropriate to order that all practicians possess these qualities. since it is cardinal that these personal qualities are profoundly rooted in the individual concerned and developed out of personal committedness instead than the demand of an external authorization. Personal qualities to which counselors and clinical psychologists are strongly encouraged to draw a bead on include: Empathy: The ability to pass on apprehension of another person’s experience from that person’s position. Understand and allowing them know that you understand Sincerity: a personal committedness to consistence between what is professed and what is done. Bing honest. stating something and significance it. Bing able to be sincere and listen to your client instead than speaking. Integrity: committedness to being moral in traffics with others. personal downrightness. honestness and coherency. Trust is really of import. Resilience: the capacity to work with the client’s concerns without being personally diminished. Bing able to hear what your client is stating to you and being able to remain at that place and non experiencing the demand to go forth or shout with your client because of their narrative you are hearing. being able to keep your ain. Respect: screening appropriate regards to others and their apprehension of themselves. Appropriate regard and understanding themselves. esteem that the individual respects themselves. Not judging why they got to that point and assist them understand why they got to this point. Humility: the ability to measure accurately and admit one’s ain strengths and failings. Believing your good at something. work towards non experiencing that you’re put down and low. Competence: the effectual deployment of the accomplishments and cognition needed to make what is required. Keep bettering accomplishments. cognizing you know what you are making but you can construct on it. Fairness: the consistent application of appropriate standards to inform determinations and actions. Knowing your able to run into your clients’ demands and if non discourse you could mention them to person else. besides about being just to self. do certain your ever being just to your clients in the determinations you make. Wisdom: ownership of sound opinion that informs pattern. Sound opinion. understanding boundaries. Courage: the capacity to move in malice of known frights. hazards and uncertainness. To be able to sit and listen to your client’s narrative. holding the bravery to be honest to your client. Non-verbal communicating Awareness of non-verbal communicating between the hearer and the speaker ; we try to be cognizant of how we use our ain organic structures and how the speaker uses their organic structure to pass on. * Eye contact – maintain oculus contact minimum and traveling around the face. * Facial look – show look but be restricting to how much you show. * Body position – maintain legs uncrossed and organic structure directly. maintain organic structure linguistic communication unfastened. * Body motion – convey your organic structure out to demo you’re interested and convey organic structure in when you’re truly taking in what your client is stating. * Head nodding – is a strong thing to makeshows your hearing. * Proximity/position of chairs – placement of the chairs is of import as non to be directed in forepart of each other. Why we use this accomplishment?* To demo speaker that the hearer is paying attending.* To seek to pass on that the hearer is present.* To make a warm environment.* To promote the speaker to open up.* To get down to construct a trusting relationship. Minimal encouragers Minimal encouragers are a signifier of verbal communicating. They are brief sentences or a individual word. Examples include: * ‘Go on’* ‘Tell me more’* ‘And’* ‘Because’* ‘Mmm†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ . ’* ‘Ah ha’* ‘Oh’ Using some of your minimum encouragers will assist to maintain your client speaking and motivate them to go on in at that place narrative. * To demo the speaker that the hearer is paying attending. * To pass on that the hearer is present. * To promote the speaker to go on their narrative. Reflecting A contemplation is offering back what the speaker has said but it includes the feeling that the hearer thinks was communicated. Feelingss might be contained in the words the speaker is utilizing or feelings might besides demo themselves in how the speaker presents i. e. looking sad or demoing that they are angry. Why we use this accomplishment? * To look into or demo that the hearer has understood.Gives client assurance that the hearer is really paying attending in what the client is stating * To assist the speaker become cognizant of their feelings.Gives the client the option of detecting what they are really experiencing for themselves. * To work nearer in the relationship.Deriving your clients swear to construct a relationship. * To make a sense of familiarity.As your leting your client to hear what they are stating and demoing that the feeling you may be supplying them with helps them to cognize you are genuinely listening to them. Paraphrasing Paraphrasing is to offer back in a few words what the speaker has said in order to look into understanding and pass on your attending. Paraphrasing can be good to assist your client to hear what they have said and they know you have heard what they have said. Helps to demo you are seeking to understand what your client is stating. Why we use this accomplishment? To give the speaker an chance to hear back what they are stating. As it can be really helpful for your client to hear back what they have said. To cheque or show that the hearer has understood. It besides gives your client assurance that you have listened and heard what they have to state. To invite farther geographic expedition of the talker’s narrative.It helps your client possibly experience more confident and unfastened to speak more freely. Example:Speaker:It’s been a unsmooth hebdomad. I’ve done nil but argue with my spouse. the house has been burgled. there’s bad intelligence from the hospital†¦at least I got a win on the scratch-card. Listener 1: You got a win on the scratch-card Listener 2: It’s been a unsmooth hebdomad.Listener 3: You’ve been reasoning with your spouse What do you believe of the different listener’s responses? I think listener 2 is a much better response to what the client has said as foliages the narrative unfastened for the client to make up ones mind where they want to travel following. What do the responses say about the listener’s points of position? Listener 1 ) is really in appropriate as rather a few bad things gone on for your client. Listener 2 ) leaves it unfastened for your client to take what to speak about Listener 3 ) is besides a good thing to state but doesn’t give the client a opportunity truly to make up ones mind what they would prefer to speak about. * What other responses can you believe of? Possibly figure 2 ) but besides ask client to depict possibly the worst portion about the hebdomad? Summarizing A sum-up is an overview of what the speaker has been speaking about during the session. A drumhead can be used during the session every bit good as to stop the session. Think about the chief points of a session and state it back to your client. Summarizing truly helps allowing your client cognize you are truly listening and heard what they have said. Knowing if a silence is that your client is believing. or gone quiet as possibly a spot lost so you could recap what your client has told you. Re cresting can assist to get down your client speaking once more. Near the terminal of a session say to your client you have a few proceedingss left so let’s summarise and the choice out points. one time relayed back inquire your client if they would wish to add anything else. Why we use this accomplishment? * To pass on that the hearer has heard and understood the content of the session. * To garner of import points together.* To assist the speaker decide which points they want to speak about in more item. * To assist the speaker if they are stuck. traveling unit of ammunition in circles. confused or if the session needs traveling frontward. Reding Contract Place. clip. day of the monthsNumber of SessionssConfidentiality and restrictionsSupervision and note pickingsModel of reding usedFees and cancellation agreementsOut of session contactHaving a contract helps your client to cognize what’s expected of them. besides what is traveling to go on. Confidentiality and restrictionsOffering confidentiality is portion of a counsellor’s contract with their clients but there are bounds to this at which point further action will be needed. What are the bounds?At hazard – a individual. who is deemed to be at hazard to self or others. so could be speaking about harming his ego or others. Children – any kid at hazard of maltreatment. possibly a spouse aching or mistreating the kid. Vulnerable individuals – vulnerable people at hazard of maltreatment. by client or there spouse. Terrorism Act – there is a terrorist act hotline figure. for case if person said they were taking a bomb to the promenade ECT. If work ing for an bureau you would follow their guidelines around confidentiality. If at any clip you hear you client speak about any of the bounds you have discussed. you need to do your client cognizant that you have to interrupt the confidentiality. Other bounds include: Supervision – client stuff discussed with a supervisor. although this could be discussed with clients permission about their instance but non advert at that place name. Note-keeping – brief and factual notes made after each session. as a client has the rights to inquire for their notes to see.

The United States in World War I Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The United States in World War I - Essay Example Later in 1917, America joined the war as they declared war against the Germans. This paper will discuss how the United States joined the war and how it participated in the war. Participation of United States in World War One Since Wilson was a peaceful man, he speedily announced that the United States was neutral in the war, and that it was to remain that way. However, it became very hard and complex for the United States to follow this path of neutrality. In this regard, the Americans could not ignore the development of the war even before joining it officially1. Even though the United States did not join the war immediately it commenced, it is evident that it had prepared for the war early in 1914. In this case, one of the largest ammunition merchants based in the United States, Bethlehem Steel, ordered millions of armoury from the British government. These included millions of weaponry shells, in addition to ten 500-ton submarines. Bethlehem continued with the construction of such alien vessels though they were against the law2. This armoury development continued through to 1915, where the U.S. armoury industry continued to develop, with support form western allied nations. In the meantime, Germany and Britain acted against the operations of the United States, which greatly angered the then president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson3. ... This is one of the operations that the Germans carried out in which president Wilson highly tolerated the Germans and acted with much patience and restraint. Most people believed that the president would declare war on Germany due to its constant attacks5. The Germans continued upsetting the Americans and on January 31, 1917, they resumed unhampered submarine conflict. This operation by the Germans saw the sinking of several U.S vessels, which angered Wilson further. Due to this, President Woodrow pushed for a declaration of war against Germany on April 2, 1917. This was the first time during the war period that United States officially joined the war and the house of Congress approved the move speedily6. After the declaration, most Americans did not receive and embrace the move. Few weeks following the declaration, out of a pool of ten million people, only 73, 000 men volunteered to join the army for the preparation of the war7. By the time the United States joined World War in Apri l 1917, the warfare had been intense in Europe for almost three years. The first instance when the United States contributed to the war was in Marshal Foch’s Allied counter-offensive commenced in July 1917. In this encounter, the Americans played a very significant role. Later in September the same year, the U.S first army of approximately 20 segments won a major victory in the St Michael salient8. The American Expeditionary force (AEF’s) was the major force employed to handle the operations of the First World War. This force first displayed the American flag in May 1917 to indicate that America was fully part of the war. Once, these forces

Synthesis and Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Synthesis and Evaluation - Essay Example Friedman, therefore, wonders how a business can be said to have responsibilities, yet it is just an object. Similarly, Kotler & Zaltman (1971) agree that the objective of marketing a business strategy is to optimize profits. On a different note, however, while Kotler & Zaltman (1971) believe in the promising future of social responsibility in business, Freidman (1970) holds that businessmen who talk about social responsibility are puppets of social stratification. The difference in opinion, here is that Friedman does not believe in the future of social responsibility in business and is more objectivist. Kotler & Zaltman in contrast, though a bit objectivist, are more constructionist and still have faith in social responsibility of business. Some recent articles are similar in philosophy to seminal works, while others are not. Karnani (2010) is more objectivist just like Friedman, arguing that the idea that businesses can be socially responsible is a dangerous illusion. He argues that businesses only focus social responsibility in areas that promise massive profits. Carroll & Shabana (2010) on the other hand take on a more constructionist approach by arguing that indeed businesses can engage in social responsibility for the good of all stakeholders. Without the shareholders, the business would not exist. The latter, essentially, gives meaning to the former, thereby giving social responsibility in business a constructionist approach. Seminal works have a similar methodology as they rely more on qualitative methods to obtain data, specifically library sources. They constantly refer to the works of previous authors. Recent articles are different from seminal ones as they incorporate the use of both qualitative such as library sources and quantitative methods. Although recent scholars also make use of other literature, they also carry out researches and come up with statistical data to

Essay on strategy Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

On strategy - Essay Example es have been developed and researches have been conducted to explore the socioeconomic phenomena on the concrete foundations of in-depth observation and existing realities. The global corporate culture has been adopting and following the Five Factors Model presented by famous theorist and strategic analyst Michael E. Porter in 1980. The theorist submits to state that since the contemporary era experiences the state of perfect competition in the wake of tremendous technological advancement, five-factor model is vehemently supportive in developing their strategic schemes and revising them according to the fast changing market situation. â€Å"The strategic business manager seeking to develop an edge over rival firms can use this model to better understand the industry context in which the firm operates.† (learnmarketing.net) Porter has described the following five factors as the part of his strategic model: Porter views these five factors to be regulating the future of a product as well as the organisation producing the product. Porter declares competitive rivalry between the firms as the most dynamic factor, which explains that the easier the entry in a business or industry, the higher the level of competition in that business area. Since such products are similar to one another in respect of characteristics, formulae and even outlook, the probabilities of their availability are also almost one and the same. Consequently, it is also flexible for the customers and consumers to switch from one product to its rival brand. For example, KFC is offering almost the same fast food items as being produced by McDonalds; the same is the case with Coca-Cola, RC Cola and Pepsi, where only few people are brand conscious and take these drinks as the substitute of one another. Thus, consumers take advantage of such a state of affairs, and the companies have to devise innovative plans and strategies i n order to combat with the situation of perfect competition. Porter also views

Performance management homework 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performance management homework 1 - Essay Example To determine this rate, all the machining, assembly, and fabricating direct costs must be multiplied with the multiply of their sum total. This calculation will help in determining or estimating the overhead rates. Precision Joinery Co. Manufactures high-quality wooden products for the house-building sector, specializing in window-frames, doors and kitchen cabinets. For many years, the company’s costing system has relied on the assumption that direct labor hours were the critical factor in the occurrence of overheads. Accordingly, overheads were allocated to products on the basis of the direct labor hours taken to manufacture each product. The company’s relationship with its customers has changed in recent years. House-building companies have become more rigorous in their demands in terms of both product design and service support after delivery. The Managing Director of Precision Joinery Co. Has become increasingly disillusioned with the current product costing system, which he believes to be producing costs which do not reflect the change in the market environment initiated by the company’s customers. Under duress, the Management Accountant has carried out a further examination of available costing information, some of which the Managing Director considers useful in a possible redefinition of the costing system. The activity based costing or the ABC cost allocation often assigns the manufacturing overhead costs of the products in a highly logical way than the normal or the traditional approach that simply allocates costs on the basis of the machine hours (Armstrong and Baron, 2005; p. 85). The ABC initially assigns costs to activities that really lead to the overhead. After that, it assigns costs to activities or products that are actually demanding the activities. The overall result often maps the miscalculations on the true cost of the manufacturing overhead. Therefore, it is apparent that the ABC

Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Design - Essay Example ; the contribution of the research to the field and to the society; the value of the research to the researcher; and how the research will be perceived. In carrying out the design project, design methods have been sought that can be relevant throughout the design process. This implies gathering the necessary design literatures. When it comes to online search for design literatures, the key word for the search will be ‘design method’ even though this is expected to generate general results, some not related with the design subject being handled. Both secondary and primary sources will be used in the process so as to develop a concrete project that fully satisfies the vision and mission of the project. Given the magnitude of the project, stakeholder involvement in the setting the mission and vision is very critical (Clarke, 2008). As such, a meeting with key stakeholders will be necessary. Additionally, a diverse team will be assembled which will be instrumental in implementing the vision and mission of the project. Further, scenarios of user experience will be explored; the target group defined in terms of gender, age an d income range, where they live, their culture and their general preferences. Even as the project will be ongoing, more literatures will be assessed to further enhance creativity and expand the scope of ideas in terms of design. Given the nature of the project, strategic thinking will be of critical importance in ensuring that critical business assumptions are not missed (Gordon et al., 1998). It will also enable better conception of ways of managing the project. Establishing a strategic story would add value to the project and create a measure of uniqueness that will distinguish the project from the rest. Reading the book â€Å"The Business Model Canvas†, some vital questions regarding the personal project have emerged. Using the building blocks mentioned above, systematic strategic plan that is highly likely to result in the successful

Palestinians Refugees in 1947-48 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Palestinians Refugees in 1947-48 - Assignment Example the plan, it was approved and almost immediately fighting broke out between the two sides, both of whom were deeply attached to their homes and saw no reason to abandon it to the other (Price, 2003). Claims are in dispute over why almost 700,000 Arabs from Palestine became refugees, and from both sides accusations are contested even to this day. Arabs maintain that they were driven from their homes by Jewish forces which started out as fellow citizens of Palestine, but would later come from the recognized Jewish state of Israel (Price, 2003). Israel claims that no one ever forced Palestinians to abandon their homes; they left instead on instructions from trusted Arab leaders (Price, 2003). Regardless of the reasons, once-revered citizens were becoming refugees in great numbers. There is evidence that massacres and scare tactics were used on Arab settlements to drive out its inhabitants, causing them to become refugees. Threats were issued via posters and notecards by Jewish forces, soon followed by grenades and buildings being exploded on the pretense that they were being used as Arab military sites (Krystall, 1998). The city of Jerusalem and its surrounding villages were the site of many of these tactics, with 28,000 Arabs soon fleeing in order to avoid more fighting or the loss of their lives (Krystall, 1998). 50,000 Arabs were expelled from the villages of Lydda and Ramle (Benin & Hajjar). The town of Dayr Yasin saw the worst massacre, as on April 9, 1948, Jewish forces killed everyone in the village, even after they proclaimed surrender (Krystall, 1998). Thereafter, the name of the village was used as another scare tactic against Arabs, as loudspeakers proclaimed day and night â€Å"Unless you leave your homes, the fate of Dayr Yasin will be yours!â⠂¬  (Krystall, 1998, 10). Arabs were not alone in their refugee status. Jewish citizens became refugees as well, but under different circumstances. Theirs was a better fate as they had a new nation bordering the old

Relationship between GDP and Public Debt

Relationship between GDP and Public Debt On the Relationship between GDP and Public Debt during the EMU period (1991-present) The Maastricht Treaty laid out a central objective: that in order for the EMU to mature and lead to the establishment of a single currency in the EU – i.e. the Euro, the member nations’ fiscal and monetary policies had to be harmonized. The first task was for nations to reign-in their public debts by controlling their budget deficits. The Treaty created objectives that budget deficits had a ceiling of 3% of the GDP and the public debt had a prescribed limit of 60% of GDP. As Chart 1 reveals, that prior to the EMU efforts starting in 1991, there were some member nations that had extremely high public-debt to GDP ratios and they had to be under pressure to stabilize their government spending, and, hence the public debt. The idea behind imposing the upper limits on debt was to impose discipline and to reduce crowding out of private investment by lowering interest rates. As Chart 2 shows, that even though the growth rates of public debt in the pre-Euro years of the EMU era (1991 to 2005) were lower as compared to the pre-EMU period, they were still high for some countries. In order to study the relationship between GDP and Public Debt, this paper examines whether governments changed their fiscal policy regimes to suit the Maastricht goals. The dependent variable the ratio of Public Dent to Nominal GDP – is regressed on the GDP gap (i.e. the difference between Real GDP and the Potential Real GDP) as well as a dummy variable signaling a period when a regime shift would have occurred. The time-period is 1991-2005 and the data used is from the Eurostat (AMECO). There are two major events in the EMU era – the second phase of the process beginning in 1994 and the establishment of the Euro in 1999. So, two different models are studied – one that has a dummy variable equal to 1 for years 1994 – 2005 (Model A) and the other that has the dummy equal to 1 for 1999-2005 (Model B). If a country began controlling their debt around 1994, there should be a negative coefficient for the dummy in Model A and if they made a serious change in t heir fiscal policy around the time the Euro began, Model B should have a negative coefficient for the dummy. The coefficient for the GDP-gap variable should be negative – as theory dictates. (Macroeconomic theory tells us that governments ought to use expansionary fiscal policy in times of recessions and contract their deficits when the Real GDP cycle turns positive.) OLS Results for Model A. OLS Results for Model B. * These equations had evidence of auto-correlated errors; ** For these cases it is uncertain as to whether or not autocorrelation exists. The coefficient for the GDP gap is negative in almost all cases in both models. Most of the countries that do not have negative coefficients for the dummy variables in either model were those that had low public debt ratios to begin with – i.e. Austria, Finland, Luxembourg, Portugal, and Spain. While Germany also had relatively low levels of debt, the integration of East Germany must have generated fiscal pressures. Among the high-debt countries – Belgium, Ireland, France, and Greece – only the first two show evidence of changing their fiscal policies in the EMU period. France and Greece continued with fairly high growth rates of debt growth. The fact that more countries demonstrate regime changes (negative coefficients for the dummy variable) in Model B might reflect that with the starting of the common currency, there was greater pressure to conform to Maastricht’s conditions. (For the cases exhibiting autocorrelated errors, I tried estimating the equations with differenced variables but that did not lead to improvement with respect to the problem. Hence, the original versions are displayed).